173 lines
9.8 KiB
HTML
173 lines
9.8 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<meta name="generator" content="pandoc">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes">
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<title>Shaarli – Server security</title>
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<style type="text/css">code{white-space: pre;}</style>
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div.sourceCode { overflow-x: auto; }
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<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv-printshiv.min.js"></script>
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<![endif]-->
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</head>
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<body>
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<div id="local-sidebar">
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<ul>
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<li><a href="Home.html">Home</a></li>
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<li>Setup
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<ul>
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<li><a href="Download-and-Installation.html">Download and Installation</a></li>
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<li><a href="Upgrade-and-migration.html">Upgrade and migration</a></li>
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<li><a href="Server-requirements.html">Server requirements</a></li>
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<li><a href="Server-configuration.html">Server configuration</a></li>
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<li><a href="Server-security.html">Server security</a></li>
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<li><a href="Shaarli-configuration.html">Shaarli configuration</a></li>
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<li><a href="Plugins.html">Plugins</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><a href="Docker.html">Docker</a></li>
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<li><a href="Usage.html">Usage</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="Sharing-button.html">Sharing button</a> (bookmarklet)</li>
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<li><a href="Browsing-and-Searching.html">Browsing and Searching</a></li>
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<li><a href="Firefox-share.html">Firefox share</a></li>
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<li><a href="RSS-feeds.html">RSS feeds</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>How To
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<ul>
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<li><a href="Backup,-restore,-import-and-export.html">Backup, restore, import and export</a></li>
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<li><a href="Copy-an-existing-installation-over-SSH-and-serve-it-locally.html">Copy an existing installation over SSH and serve it locally</a></li>
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<li><a href="Create-and-serve-multiple-Shaarlis-(farm).html">Create and serve multiple Shaarlis (farm)</a></li>
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<li><a href="Download-CSS-styles-from-an-OPML-list.html">Download CSS styles from an OPML list</a></li>
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<li><a href="Datastore-hacks.html">Datastore hacks</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><a href="Troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a></li>
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<li><a href="Development.html">Development</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="GnuPG-signature.html">GnuPG signature</a></li>
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<li><a href="Coding-guidelines.html">Coding guidelines</a></li>
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<li><a href="Directory-structure.html">Directory structure</a></li>
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<li><a href="3rd-party-libraries.html">3rd party libraries</a></li>
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<li><a href="Plugin-System.html">Plugin System</a></li>
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<li><a href="Release-Shaarli.html">Release Shaarli</a></li>
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<li><a href="Security.html">Security</a></li>
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<li><a href="Static-analysis.html">Static analysis</a></li>
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<li><a href="Theming.html">Theming</a></li>
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<li><a href="Unit-tests.html">Unit tests</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>About
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<ul>
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<li><a href="FAQ.html">FAQ</a></li>
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<li><a href="Community-&-Related-software.html">Community & Related software</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<h1 id="server-security">Server security</h1>
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<h2 id="php.ini">php.ini</h2>
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<p>PHP settings are defined in:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>a main configuration file, usually found under <code>/etc/php5/php.ini</code>; some distributions provide different configuration environments, e.g.
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<ul>
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<li><code>/etc/php5/php.ini</code> - used when running console scripts</li>
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<li><code>/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini</code> - used when a client requests PHP resources from Apache</li>
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<li><code>/etc/php5/php-fpm.conf</code> - used when PHP requests are proxied to PHP-FPM</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>additional configuration files/entries, depending on the installed/enabled extensions:
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<ul>
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<li><code>/etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini</code></li>
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</ul></li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="locate-.ini-files">Locate .ini files</h3>
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<h4 id="console-environment">Console environment</h4>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode bash"><code class="sourceCode bash">$ <span class="ex">php</span> --ini
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<span class="ex">Configuration</span> File (php.ini) <span class="ex">Path</span>: /etc/php
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<span class="ex">Loaded</span> Configuration File: /etc/php/php.ini
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<span class="ex">Scan</span> for additional .ini files in: /etc/php/conf.d
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<span class="ex">Additional</span> .ini files parsed: /etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini</code></pre></div>
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<h4 id="server-environment">Server environment</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>create a <code>phpinfo.php</code> script located in a path supported by the web server, e.g.
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<ul>
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<li>Apache (with user dirs enabled): <code>/home/myself/public_html/phpinfo.php</code></li>
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<li><code>/var/www/test/phpinfo.php</code></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>make sure the script is readable by the web server user/group (usually, <code>www</code>, <code>www-data</code> or <code>httpd</code>)</li>
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<li>access the script from a web browser</li>
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<li><p>look at the <em>Loaded Configuration File</em> and <em>Scan this dir for additional .ini files</em> entries</p>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode php"><code class="sourceCode php"><span class="kw"><?php</span> <span class="fu">phpinfo</span><span class="ot">();</span> <span class="kw">?></span></code></pre></div></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="fail2ban">fail2ban</h2>
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<p><code>fail2ban</code> is an intrusion prevention framework that reads server (Apache, SSH, etc.) and uses <code>iptables</code> profiles to block brute-force attempts:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">Official website</a><a href=".html"></a></li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban">Source code</a><a href=".html"></a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="read-shaarli-logs-to-ban-ips">Read Shaarli logs to ban IPs</h3>
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<p>Example configuration:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>allow 3 login attempts per IP address</li>
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<li>after 3 failures, permanently ban the corresponding IP adddress</li>
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</ul>
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<p><code>/etc/fail2ban/jail.local</code></p>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode ini"><code class="sourceCode ini"><span class="kw">[shaarli-auth][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
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<span class="dt">enabled </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw">true</span>
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<span class="dt">port </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> https,http</span>
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<span class="dt">filter </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> shaarli-auth</span>
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<span class="dt">logpath </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> /var/www/path/to/shaarli/data/log.txt</span>
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<span class="dt">maxretry </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="dv">3</span>
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<span class="dt">bantime </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> -</span><span class="dv">1</span></code></pre></div>
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<p><code>/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/shaarli-auth.conf</code></p>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode ini"><code class="sourceCode ini"><span class="kw">[INCLUDES][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
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<span class="dt">before </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> common.conf</span>
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<span class="kw">[Definition][]</span><span class="dt">(.html)</span>
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<span class="dt">failregex </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> \s-\s<HOST>\s-\sLogin failed for user.*$</span>
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<span class="dt">ignoreregex </span><span class="ot">=</span><span class="st"> </span></code></pre></div>
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<h2 id="robots---restricting-search-engines-and-web-crawler-traffic">Robots - Restricting search engines and web crawler traffic</h2>
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<p>Creating a <code>robots.txt</code> with the following contents at the root of your Shaarli installation will prevent <em>honest</em> web crawlers from indexing each and every link and Daily page from a Shaarli instance, thus getting rid of a certain amount of unsollicited network traffic.</p>
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<pre><code>User-agent: *
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Disallow: /</code></pre>
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<p>See:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/robotstxt.html</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/meta.html" class="uri">http://www.robotstxt.org/meta.html</a></li>
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</ul>
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</body>
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</html>
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