a0c34a4976
Signed-off-by: VirtualTam <virtualtam@flibidi.net>
257 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
257 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
_Last updated on 2018-07-01._
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## Goals
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- Getting a Virtual Private Server (VPS)
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- Running Shaarli:
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- as a Docker container,
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- using the Træfik reverse proxy,
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- securized with TLS certificates from Let's Encrypt.
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The following components and tools will be used:
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- [Debian](https://www.debian.org/), a GNU/Linux distribution widely used in
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server environments;
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- [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/), an open platform
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for developing, shipping, and running applications;
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- [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/), a tool for defining and
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running multi-container Docker applications.
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More information can be found in the [Resources](#resources) section at the
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bottom of the guide.
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## Getting a Virtual Private Server
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For this guide, I went for the smallest VPS available from DigitalOcean,
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a Droplet with 1 CPU, 1 GiB RAM and 25 GiB SSD storage, which costs
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$5/month ($0.007/hour):
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- [Droplets Overview](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/overview/)
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- [Pricing](https://www.digitalocean.com/pricing/)
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- [How to Create a Droplet from the DigitalOcean Control Panel](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/create/)
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- [How to Add SSH Keys to Droplets](https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/add-ssh-keys/)
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- [Initial Server Setup with Debian 8](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-debian-8) (also applies to Debian 9)
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- [An Introduction to Securing your Linux VPS](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-securing-your-linux-vps)
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### Creating a Droplet
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Select `Debian 9` as the Droplet distribution:
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<img src="../images/01-create-droplet-distro.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Droplet distribution" />
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Choose a region that is geographically close to you:
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<img src="../images/02-create-droplet-region.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Droplet region" />
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Choose a Droplet size that corresponds to your usage and budget:
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<img src="../images/03-create-droplet-size.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Droplet size" />
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Finalize the Droplet creation:
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<img src="../images/04-finalize.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Droplet finalization" />
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Droplet information is displayed on the Control Panel:
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<img src="../images/05-droplet.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Droplet summary" />
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Once your VPS has been created, you will receive an e-mail with connection
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instructions.
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## Obtaining a domain name
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After creating your VPS, it will be reachable using its IP address; some hosting
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providers also create a DNS record, e.g. `ns4853142.ip-01-47-127.eu`.
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A domain name (DNS record) is required to obtain a certificate and setup HTTPS
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(HTTP with TLS encryption).
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Domain names can be obtained from registrars through hosting providers such as
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[Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain).
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Once you have your own domain, you need to create a new DNS record that points
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to your VPS' IP address:
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<img src="../images/06-domain.jpg"
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width="650px"
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alt="Domain configuration" />
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## Host setup
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Now's the time to connect to your freshly created VPS!
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```shell
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$ ssh root@188.166.85.8
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Linux stretch-shaarli-02 4.9.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.88-1+deb9u1 (2018-05-07) x86_64
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The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
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the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
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individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
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Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
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permitted by applicable law.
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Last login: Sun Jul 1 11:20:18 2018 from <REDACTED>
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$
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```
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### Updating the system
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt upgrade -y
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```
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### Setting up Docker
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_The following instructions are from the
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[Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/)
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guide._
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Install package dependencies:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
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```
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Add Docker's package repository GPG key:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
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```
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Add Docker's package repository:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable"
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```
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Update package lists and install Docker:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ apt update && apt install -y docker-ce
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```
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Verify Docker is properly configured by running the `hello-world` image:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ docker run hello-world
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```
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### Setting up Docker Compose
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_The following instructions are from the
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[Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
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guide._
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Download the current version from the release page:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
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```
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## Running Shaarli
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Shaarli comes with a configuration file for Docker Compose, that will setup:
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- a local Docker network
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- a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Shaarli data
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- a Docker [volume](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/) to store Træfik TLS configuration and certificates
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- a [Shaarli](https://hub.docker.com/r/shaarli/shaarli/) instance
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- a [Træfik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) instance
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[Træfik](https://docs.traefik.io/) is a modern HTTP reverse proxy, with native
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support for Docker and [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/).
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### Compose configuration
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Create a new directory to store the configuration:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~$ mkdir shaarli && cd shaarli
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$
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```
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Download the current version of Shaarli's `docker-compose.yml`:
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/shaarli/Shaarli/master/docker-compose.yml -o docker-compose.yml
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```
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Create the `.env` file and fill in your VPS and domain information (replace
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`<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>` and `<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL>` with your actual information):
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ vim .env
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```
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```shell
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SHAARLI_VIRTUAL_HOST=<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>
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SHAARLI_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL=<MY_CONTACT_EMAIL>
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```
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### Pull the Docker images
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose pull
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Pulling shaarli ... done
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Pulling traefik ... done
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```
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### Run!
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```shell
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root@stretch-shaarli-02:~/shaarli$ docker-compose up -d
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Creating network "shaarli_http-proxy" with the default driver
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Creating volume "shaarli_traefik-acme" with default driver
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Creating volume "shaarli_shaarli-data" with default driver
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Creating shaarli_shaarli_1 ... done
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Creating shaarli_traefik_1 ... done
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```
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## Conclusion
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Congratulations! Your Shaarli instance should be up and running, and available
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at `https://<MY_SHAARLI_DOMAIN>`.
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<img src="../images/07-installation.jpg"
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width="500px"
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alt="Shaarli installation page" />
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## Resources
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### Related Shaarli documentation
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- [Docker 101](../docker/docker-101.md)
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- [Shaarli images](../docker/shaarli-images.md)
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### Hosting providers
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- [DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com/)
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- [Gandi](https://www.gandi.net/en)
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- [OVH](https://www.ovh.co.uk/)
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- [RackSpace](https://www.rackspace.com/)
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- etc.
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### Domain Names and Registrars
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- [Introduction to the Domain Name System (DNS)](https://opensource.com/article/17/4/introduction-domain-name-system-dns)
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- [ICANN](https://www.icann.org/)
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- [Domain name registrar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name_registrar)
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- [OVH Domain Registration](https://www.ovh.co.uk/domains/)
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- [Gandi Domain Registration](https://www.gandi.net/en/domain)
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### HTTPS and Security
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- [Transport Layer Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security)
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- [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/)
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### Docker
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- [Docker Overview](https://docs.docker.com/engine/docker-overview/)
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- [Docker Documentation](https://docs.docker.com/)
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- [Get Docker CE for Debian](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/debian/)
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- [docker logs](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/logs/)
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- [Volumes](https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/)
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- [Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
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- [docker-compose logs](https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/logs/)
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### Træfik
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- [Getting Started](https://docs.traefik.io/)
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- [Docker backend](https://docs.traefik.io/configuration/backends/docker/)
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- [Let's Encrypt and Docker](https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/docker-and-lets-encrypt/)
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- [traefik](https://hub.docker.com/_/traefik/) Docker image
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